The amount of precipitate that can be intercepted depends on the leaf type, wind speed, temperature, canopy architecture, humidity, and available radiation. Technically, interception can be described as the capture of dropping precipitate by the vegetation canopy and its return to the air through sublimation and evaporation. The most common effect that plants have on dropping precipitation is the interception. Plants often revamp the distribution and intensity of precipitation falling through and on its leaves and woody parts. The water can stick to objects on the planet, be carried over the land into water channels or infiltrated into the soil.Īlso, the precipitated water can be intercepted by plants. Precipitated water can fall onto land or into a waterbody and then dispersed in several ways. When they fall through lower elevation air, they sometimes melt and turns to raindrops. The crystals grow to a larger size and drop as ice pellets or snow. When the crystals are approached by nearby water droplets, some droplets vaporize and condense on these crystals. This process happens when ice develops in cloud formation or cold clouds up in the atmosphere, where the temperature freezes. When the droplets become large enough for the air currents to sustain them, they start to fall as rain. This process occurs when two or more droplets, particles or bubbles merge in the course of contact to form a single droplet, particle or bubble. READ: How is a Peninsula Formed and Examples of 10 Largest Peninsulas in the World It happens in two sub-processes – coalescence and ice-crystal. This is the process that takes place when all and any water particles drop from the atmosphere to the ground. Let’s have a quick look at what happens after cooling. Usually, it happens around smoke, dust particle or microscopic bacteria. It is important to note that condensation only takes place when the atmosphere is fully saturated. This generally transpires when warm air in the atmosphere rises and cools down. This change of state happens because of the movement of water molecules.ĭuring this phenomenon, water molecules arrange themselves systematically allowing heat to be emitted to the atmosphere. It then converts the vapor into water droplets.Ĭondensation is essential to the water cycle as it helps in the formation of clouds using the water vapor in the air. This phenomenon basically occurs when the warm vapor encounters a cool surface. The vapor in the atmosphere is changed from its gaseous state into a liquid state in a process called condensation. The rate is higher during dry periods and can lead to loss of water in the upper zone of the soil.īut where do the vapor collected in the atmosphere go to? That’s where condensation comes in. Transpiration rates changes depending on climate conditions like humidity, temperature, precipitation, sunlight intensity, and wind. Transpiration essentially involves guttation process, which is the exudation of water in liquid form from the uninjured plant leaf or stem, mainly through the water stomata. This involves the movement of moisture through green plants from their roots to small openings underneath the leaves, where it is changed to vapor and then released to the atmosphere. That said let’s see what transpiration entails. The rest is provided by plant transpiration. Studies have indicated that seas, lakes, rivers, and oceans provide about 90 percent of the vapor in the atmosphere through evaporation. READ: Various Interesting Facts the About Pacific Ocean After absorbing enough energy, a surface molecule overcomes the vapor pressure and enter the atmosphere as gas ready for cooling. When liquid molecules collide, they transfer energy between themselves depending on how they collide. This energy is converted to latent heat, which is the heat needed to convert liquid into vapor without any change of temperature. Evaporation requires a significant amount of energy. This is the process where water is changed from liquid form to water vapor. These are evaporation, transpiration, condensation, precipitation, interception, and infiltration, which is the focus of this article. The water cycle process encompasses 6 stages. Let’s dive into the water cycle process and learn how infiltration makes it complete. The rate at which water is absorbed depends on the soil type, pre-saturation levels, land topography and the amount of vegetation in an area.Ī good soil has continuous pores and well-developed structure that readily allow snowmelt water and rainfall to enter. Infiltration usually occurs in the upper surface of the ground, but may also proceed downwards to the water table.
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